Gearing for spinning machines



Jan. 12, 1937. H, BARD 2,067,167

GEARING FOR SPINNING MACHINES Filed Jan. 1l, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet l Imca/wom Hanf drd @Hat/MMA Jan. l2, 1937.

GEARING FOR SPINNING MACHINES Filed JUA. l1, 1935 4 SheetS-Sheet 3 H. BARD 2,067,167

Jan. 12, 1937. H, BARD 2,067,167

GEARING FOR SPINNING MACHINES Filed Jan. l1, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Jan. 12, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Claims.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in gearings particularly adapted for use with spinning and weaving machines.

In producing certain novelty cloths, and similar articles, it is necessary to use a thread having thick portions formed at spaced points therealong, whereby when said threads are woven into cloth, a design is produced in said cloth due to the unevenness of the thread. These thick portions in the thread areV known as slubs and are formed at the time of the spinning of the thread. Various ways of forming slubs have been attempted and although machinery has been devised for this purpose, such machinery has been so complicated and expensive as to make the use of the same prohibitive and impractical.

One object of the invention is to provide improved mechanism arranged to be attached to a spinning machine for producing a thread having slubs formed therein.

An important object of the invention is to provide an improved gearing for a spinning machine which will actuate the feeding rolls of said spinner at an increased speed at a predetermined point in its rotation, whereby at this point the roving, which is the lightly twisted strands of bres from which the thread is to be made, is fed to the front rolls at an increased rate, which due to the constant speed of said front rolls cause a greater amount of thread to pass therethrough to form a wide portion or slub in said thread.

A further object of the invention is to provide a master gear for operating the feeding rolls of a spinning machine at a constant speed with relation to the constant speed of the front rolls of said spinner, said gear having a swinging gear sector arranged to be swung at predetermined intervals to increase the speed of the feeding rolls intermittently with relation to the speed of the front rolls, whereby an increased amount of roving is fed to the front rolls when the sector is operated.

It has been found that the principle of increased rotation of a portion of the rolls, may be applied with equal success to a loom, where it is desired to form the cloth into panels of tight and loose weaving. For instance, every piece of cloth contains a certain number of threads per inch, known as picks. By varying the number of picks at spaced intervals, it is obvious that a piece of cloth is formed having panels. The rst panel may be of a tight weave, While the next panel will be of a loose weave, and so on, down the length of the cloth. Thus, it will be seen that various novelty cloths may be produced by the variation of the number of picks in each panel. This variation is brought about by the intermittently increased speed of a portion of the rolls of the loom. 5

Still another object of the invention is to provide improved mechanism arranged to be attached to a loom, whereby a novelty design may be woven into cloth.

A further object of the invention is to provide a cam for actuating a gear sector carried by a master gear, whereby the sector is actuated at regular intervals, and means for transmitting motion from said sector to increase the operation of certain rolls of a loom to vary the number of picks which form the cloth, thereby producing a novelty design in said clot A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described, together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which an example of the invention is shown, and wherein:

Figure 1 is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, oi a spinner having a gearing attached thereto constructed in accordance'with the invention,

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the mechanism 30 with the supporting post omitted,

Figure 3 is an enlarged isometrical view of the gearing and a portion of the lines of rolls actuated by said gearing,

Figure 4 is an isometric view of the sector 35 gear and its actuating roller,

Figure 5 is an elevation of the inner face of the master gear and the sector attached thereto, the parts being shown in an actuated position,

Figure 6 is a diametrical, sectional view taken 40 on the line 6 6 of Figure 5,

Figure 7 is an elevation of the parts shown in Figure 5, showing the sector in the position, before actuation,

Figure 8 is a diametrical, sectional view taken 45 on the line 8-8 of Figure 5,

Figure 9 is a schematic view of the rollers and the roving passing therethrough,

Figure 10 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section of a portion of a loom and the invention attached thereto,

Figure 1l is an elevation of the inner face of the mechanism shown in Figure 10,

Figure 12 is an enlarged side elevation of the master gear and sector shown in Figure 10,

Figure 13 is a diametrical sectional View taken on the line I3-l3 of Figure 12, and

Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the woven cloth being wound on the take-up roll.

In the drawings, the numeral I0 designates a portion of the supporting frame of a spinning machine. This frame supports the Various rolls necessary to the proper spinning of thread. As shown in Figure 3, the usual spinner is provided with three pairs of rolls A, B and C. The rolls A are mounted one abovethe other and the rolls B and C are similarly mounted. The three pairs of rolls are inclined upwardly in alinement, the two rear sets of rolls B and C constituting the feeding rolls which pulls the roving D, passing therebetween, from the supply bobbins or spools,v

(not shown) and feeding said roving to the front rolls A. The usual practicehas beento operate the front rolls A at a constant speed with relation to the constant speed of the feeding rolls B and C. In this way, the roving is fed to the front rolls at a constant rate which never varies. The relation of the rotation of the feeding rolls to the front rolls controls the size of the thread formed, for since the front roll rotates faster than the feeding rolls, it is obvious that the front roll drafts or draws out the roving as it pulls it therebetween, to give a thread of a desired thickness and weight. Because the speed of the feed- Ying rolls is constant, only a given amount of roving is fed to the front rolls, whereby a thread of an equal size throughout its entire length is formed.

To form a slub or enlarged portion in the thread, it is necessary to speed up the feeding rolls B and C, so that an increased amount of roving is fed to the front rolls A. The speed of rotation of these front rolls is not increased and remains constant, and thus said rolls can not draw out or draft the increased amount of roving which passes through the rolls A without .being drafted, thereby forming a thickened por.-A tion or slub in the thread. By increasing the speed of the feeding rolls B and C at regular intervals, slubs are formed at spaced points in the thread. Heretofore, the mechanism for forming these slubs has been complicated and expensive and has vnecessitated the alteration of the spin* ning machine. i For overcrowding these disadvantages and for efficiently forming slubs in ythe threads, an improved gearing is provided which may readily be attached to the usual spinning machine without material alteration. As is clearly shown in Figures 1 and 3, the shaft I I of the lower front roll A is extended outwardly and has a driving pinion I2 mounted thereon. This shaft may be driven ink any suitable manner and rotates at a constant speed, whereby the lower roll A is driven at a con# stant speed. The upper roll A also rotates at the same speed because of its frictional engagement with the lower roll.

A master gear I3 having an inwardly directed, peripheral flange I4 is mounted to rotate on a stub shaft I5 which is supported in a post IB extending upwardly from the frame of the spinner. The gear is mounted directly above thepinion I2 and has teeth Il formed on its peripheral ange. The pinion I2 is in constant engagement with the master gear, whereby said gear is rotated thereby.

The web of the gear I3 is made solid and is provided with a boss I8 on its inner face. A gear segment I9 is pivotally mountedl on the boss and has its outer end provided with an outwardly extending s1eeve`20 (Figure 4) which projects Y segment through a curved slot 2l in the web of the cam. A pin 22 extends through the sleeve 20 being secured therein, and the outer end of the pin carries a roller 23, which, as is clearly shown in Figure 1, rides on the periphery of a cam 24 which is rigidly mounted on the shaft I5. It is obvious that as the pinion I2 rotates the master gear I3, the roller 23 is carried around the periphery of the cam and when said roller strikes the inclined portion 25 of said cam, the pivoted gear I9 is swung. Although, the cam is shown with only a single incline, whereby the segment is swung once each time the master gear is rotated once, it is pointed out that the contour of the cam could be changed to swing the segment any desired number of times during one revolution of the master gear.

The teeth of the segment are in constant engagement with a pinion 26 which is journaled on the shaft I5 adjacent the inner face of the master gear I3. The pinion is provided with an outwardly extending hub 21', and a take-off pinion 28 is keyed. on this hub, whereby rotation of the pinion 26 will rotate the take-off pinion 28. Rotation is imparted to the former pinion from the gear I3 through the segment I9.. Thus, so long as the segment roller 23 is riding on the smooth periphery of the cam 24, the pinions are rotated at the same speed as the master gear.

However, as soon as the rollerl 23 ofthe segment I9 strikes the inclined portion 25 of the cam, the segment is swung thereby increasing the rotation of the pinions 26 and 28. The speed of the master gear remains constant during this time, beingY unaffected by the swinging of the segment.

For transmitting motion from the take-off pinion 28 to the feeding rolls B and C, said pinion is in constant engagement with a gear 29 which is carried by the outer end of the shaft 30 of the lower roll C, whereby rotation is imparted to said lower roll. The upper roll C of this pair frictionally engages said lower roll and is driven through such frictional engagement. A driving pinion 3| is secured on the shaft 30 adjacent the gear 29 and meshes with an intermediate pinion 32 mounted on a stub shaft 33 supported in the frame I0. The pinion 32 drives a pinion 34 which is secured on the outer end of the shaft 35 of the lower roll B of the second pair of feeding rolls whereby said rolls are driven in unison with the other feeding rolls C and C. The upper roll B is driven through frictional engagement with'the lower roll B. y l

In operation, 'the roving is passed between the three pairs of rolls C, B and A (Figure 9) from the supply spools (not shown) The front rolls A and A' are positively driven by the drive shaft I I at a constant speed. This speed is faster than the speed of the feed rolls B and C, because the latter are operated from the drive shaft through the master gear and pinions, as has been explained. Thus, as the roving `passes through the rolls, the feeding rolls B and C tend to retard the movement of the roving therebetween. The front rolls A draw out, or draft the roving into thread and it is obvious that the speed of the front rolls with relation to the feeding rolls controls the size of the thread, for if the former are rotated faster, then a thinner thread is had because of the increased speed. However, if the front rolls are slowed up, then a heavier thread is produced. Therefore, so long as the vspeed of both the front and feeding rolls remains .constant lwith relationV to each other, an even thread of equal thickness is produced.

With the mechanism shown, the front rolls A are always rotated at the same speed. The feeding rolls, which are driven through the master gear and pinions, are rotated at a constant speed until the segment IS is swung due to its actuation by the inclined portion of the cam. The swinging of the segment increases the speed of the feeding rolls B and C momentarily, whereby an increased amount of roving is fed to the front rolls A. Since these front rolls are rotating at a constant speed, they are unable to accommodate the increased amount of roving to draft the same into a thread of the ordinary thickness and therefore, this increased amount of roving passes through the front rolls A, thereby forming the slubs in said thread. It is obvious that the contour of the cam positively controls the speeding up of the feeding rolls and said cam could readily be made to actuate the segment any desired number of times during one revolution of the master gear. The periphery of the cam is so constructed that after the segment is swung, it is gradually returned to its initial position ready for the next operation. This prevents the segment from swinging back quickly after its actuation, which would cause an operation of the pinions 26 and 28 in a reverse direction.

In Figures 10 to 14, I have shown the invention attached to a loom so as to weave cloth in novelty designs. As shown, the gearing is attached to the master ratchet gear 40 which operates the take-up roll 4| on which the cloth is wound after it is woven. The gear 40 is operated by a pawl 42, whereby an intermittent movement is imparted to the ratchet gear. The gear is journaled on the hub 43 of a pinion 44 which is mounted to rotate on a stub shaft 45 fastened in the frame 46 of the loom. Motion is transmitted from the ratchet gear to the pinion through a gear sector 41 carried pivoted on the web of the ratchet gear. The sector is in constant engagement with a gear sector 48 keyed on the hub 43 of the pinion and has a roller 49 which rides on the periphery of a cam 50 secured on the shaft 45. The contour of the cam is such that the sector is swung twice each time the ratchet gear 40 rotates once.

The pinion 44 is connected through a gear train 5| to the take-up roll 4| on which the woven cloth is wound. Normally, the roll 4| is rotated at a fixed speed with relation to the shuttle of the loom (not shown), whereby a fixed number of threads per inch are woven in forming the cloth. This rotation is imparted to the roller 4| from the ratchet gear 4U, through the sectors 41 and 48 to the pinion 44, which in turn actuates the gear train 5| to revolve the roller. When the sector 4'1 is swung, the speed of rotation of the pinion is momentarily increased which increases the speed of rotation of the roll 4| thereby pulling the threads being woven through the path V of the shuttle of the loom at a faster rate of speed during the increased rotation. This causes less threads per inch in the cloth during this period and thus, it is obvious that the cloth will be Woven in panels of varying picks. For example, normally the cloth may be woven with 12 picks or threads per inch, but under the increased rotation of the roll 4|, a panel of only eight picks may be woven, then, a panel containing 12 picks, then one of 8, etc. Thus, a novelty cloth of panels, having a looser or tighter weave, may be woven.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. The combination with a spinning machine having front rolls and feeding rolls for spinning thread, of a gearing comprising, a drive shaft for driving said front rolls at a constant speed, an enlarged gear driven by said drive shaft and having connection with the feeding rolls to drive the same at a constant speed, and means free from direct connection with the front roll drive shaft carried by said gear for periodically increasing the speed of the feeding rolls at predetermined points during their rotation.

2. The combination with a spinning machine having front rolls and feeding rolls for spinning thread, of a gearing comprising, a drive shaft for driving said front rolls at a constant speed, an enlarged gear driven by said drive shaft, a gear sector pivoted on the gear, a gear train in constant engagement with the sector and connected with the feeding rolls, whereby said rolls are normally driven at a constant speed by the' enlarged gear through said sector and gear train, and means for periodically swinging the sector, whereb-y the speed of the feeding rolls is increased at predetermined points during the rotation of said enlarged gear.

3. The combination with a spinning machine having front rolls and feeding rolls for spinning thread, of a gearing comprising, a drive shaft for driving said front rolls at a constant speed, an enlarged gear driven by said drive shaft, a gear sector pivoted on the gear, a gear train in constant engagement with the sector and connected with the feeding rolls whereby said rolls are normally driven at a constant speed by the enlarged gear through said sector and gear train, and a stationary cam arranged to be engaged by the sector to periodically swing said sector to increase the speed of the feeding rolls at predetermined points during the rotation of the enlarged gear.

4. The combination with a spinning machine having a revoluble roll, a driven gear rotating at a constant speed connected to and driving said roll, a gear segment carried by said driven gear,

and a stationary cam intermittently operating said gear segment for increasing the speed of said roll at predetermined points during its rotation.

5. The combination with a spinning machine having a revoluble roll, a gear, means for driving the gear at a constant speed, a gear train, a driven gear rotating at a constant speed connected to and driving said roll, a gear segment carried by said driven gear, and a stationary cam intermittently operating said gear segment for increasing the speed of said roll at predetermined points during its rotation.

HANS BARD. 

